Nanostructured Strontium-Doped Calcium Phosphate Cements: A Multifactorial Design

Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) have been extensively studied in last decades as nanostructured biomaterials for the regeneration of bone defects, both dental and orthopedic applications. However, precise control their handling properties (setting time, viscosity, injectability) still represents a remarkable challenge because complicated adjustment multiple correlated processing parameters is requested, including powder particle size chemical composition solid liquid components. This study proposes, first multifactorial investigation about effects variation on final performance Sr-doped apatitic CPCs, based Design Experiment approach. In addition, two mixing techniques, hand spatula (low-energy) planetary shear (high-energy), viscosity extrusion force were compared. work aims to shed light various steps involved thus enabling more tailored design device, clinical need.